chore: implement circuit breaker

[vsai12]

Problem
gh-ost's binlog syncer retries authentication failures indefinitely at 1-second intervals, causing retry storms with 800,000+ attempts that trigger enterprise firewall blocks and service disruptions.

Solution
Added circuit breaker that stops after MaxAuthFailures attempts (default: 10). The implementation tracks authentication failures using MySQL error codes (1045, 1130, etc.), stops the migration gracefully after the threshold, and resets the counter on successful connections. This reduces retry storms from hours/millions of attempts to ~10 seconds/10 attempts, preventing firewall blocks while maintaining backward compatibility when MaxAuthFailures=0.

[d-bytebase]

Can we add some PR descriptions about what the problem is? Code looks good though.